A Zaranite (2272)
A Zaranite (2286)
Like the Benzites, the Zaranites, a species indiginous to Zaran II, can't breathe oxygen. In order to survive on M-class worlds, they use breathing masks and back-packs that supply them with fluorine gas. The jewelry they wear is made from the Berbotjahaa; the top part of the necklace indicates their family, while the bottom identifies each individual. The Zaranites are members of the United Federation of Planets . At least one member of this species served in Starfleet in 2272 aboard the USS Enterprise during the V'Ger incident. Two Zaranites were also present in 2286 in the Federation Council chambers during the court martial of the vessel's command crew. (Star Trek: The Motion Picture; Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home)
Background
The Zaranites were not mentioned in dialogue, they were a makeup and costume design that ended up mostly cut from the final versions of the film. The further information on them is derived from the notes of the director, costume and makeup departments.
"Dark Eyes", possibly a Zaranite.
The Zaranite headpiece from Star Trek: The Motion Picture was re-used for an alien design only known as "Dark Eyes" in Star Trek V: The Final Frontier. It may represent a Zaranite without its breathing apparatus.
Zaranites were featured in the licensed (but non-canon) novel Triangle from Pocket Books, although no mention was made of the background information from the films.