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Memory Alpha

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You may be looking for the prime universe Vulcan.

Vulcan was a Class M planet in the Vulcan system and the homeworld of the Vulcan species, and a founder planet of the United Federation of Planets.

Planetary features

Vulcan, as seen from orbit was largely red in color, with some green and brown.

Vulcan had a noticeably higher gravity and thinner atmosphere than Earth. It was mostly an arid planet, with many large jutting rock formations, with most of the surface consisting of large deserts or mountain ranges, along with scattered small seas. Desert areas are prone to large amounts of heat, light and electrical sand fire storms. (ENT: "The Forge", "Awakening", "Kir'Shara")

There were several tourist attractions on Vulcan, including active volcanos, ancient ruins, and lava fields. (ENT: "Home")

History

See also: Vulcan history

As early as the mid-20th century the planet Vulcan had contact with the Tellarites and, covertly, with Humans. By the late 21st or early 22nd century they had established contact with the Humans, Cardassians, Klingons, Tholians and Trill, among others. (ENT: "Carbon Creek", ENT: "Future Tense", DS9: "Destiny")

In 2152 there were over a million physicians on Vulcan. (ENT: "Stigma")

During the mid-22nd century, the death penalty was still common practice in Vulcan courts for a small number of offenses, including treason. (ENT: "Kir'Shara")

Before co-founding the Federation in 2161, Vulcan was in conflict with Andoria. It controlled the Coridan government, and had exchanged ambassadors with Earth and Qo'noS, among others. (ENT: "Zero Hour", "These Are the Voyages...", "Shadows of P'Jem", "Broken Bow")

For centuries, the planet was governed by a government called the Vulcan High Command. It was dissolved in 2154 when the Kir'Shara was discovered. However, it was later reinstated and remained as the ruling body until 2258. (ENT: "Kir'Shara", Star Trek)

Destruction

In 2258, the planet had a population of six billion, when it was attacked by the Romulan Nero in his vessel, the Narada. The Narada deployed a drill platform in the planet's atmosphere, and began drilling into the surface. A distress call from the planet resulted in the deployment of eight Federation starships to the planet, where all but the USS Enterprise were destroyed by the Narada. The drill platform was ultimately disabled, but not before the energy stream had penetrated the planet's core. A canister of red matter was then dropped into the drill hole, which detonated when it was consumed by the planet's core, creating a singularity at the heart of the planet, which began consuming the planet from the inside out. With only minutes remaining, the planet's population attempted to evacuate, with acting Enterprise captain Spock rescuing several members of the Vulcan Council before the planet was lost.

Since Spock found his parents and members of the Vulcan High Council in the Katric ark a chamber within Mount Seleya, it is possible many of the greatest minds of Vulcan were saved through a transference of their stored Katra, thus "preserving Vulcan's cultural heritage."

The number of survivors from the planet was estimated to be fewer than ten thousand; the total number of remaining Vulcans, including those off-world at the time, is uncertain, but low enough for Spock to consider his race an "endangered species". (Star Trek)

This shockingly low number may refer only to those who were able to escape from Vulcan and may not take into account the unknown numbers of Vulcans living off-world on Federation planets and serving aboard Federation starships. ekmovie.com/2009/05/22/orci-and-kurtzman-reveal-star-trek-details-in-trekmovie-fan-qa/]

note: Vulcan's sky doesn't appear red as it did in Amok Time (episode) and its 3 apperances in Star Trek: Enterprise but with blue sky like Earth.

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