The Valakians are a humanoid species, native to the planet Valakis. They share their homeworld with the Menk.
In the 22nd century, while the Enterprise was visiting the planet, the ships doctor, Phlox, discovered that proteins that bind the Valakian chromosomes have been deteriorating for thousands of years. Phlox predicted that the Valakians would be extinct by the 24th century. Furthermore, Phlox discovered that the Menk have the potential to become the dominant species on the planet. The Enterprise crew realised they could not interfere with the evolution of the two species on Valakis. (ENT: "Dear Doctor")