The Pelosians were a species saved from extinction, in violation of the Prime Directive, by Captain James T. Kirk during his historic five-year mission aboard the USS Enterprise.

In 2378, Icheb included this information, along with Kirk's encounters with the Baezians and the Chenari, in his final report to Captain Kathryn Janeway, as part of the Early Starfleet History course of his Academy training. (VOY: "Q2")