Neurogenic restructuring was used in the treatment of "criminal minds" by the Mari.

In Mari society, violent crime was almost eliminated, and harboring violent thoughts was considered a criminal act. Habitual perpetrators of criminal thought could be subjected to neurogenic restructuring, which could take years.

The Mari male Frane had undergone neurogenic restructuring and was considered cured by Chief Examiner Nimira, when he came into contact with B'Elanna Torres of the USS Voyager. (VOY: "Random Thoughts")