A muscle spasm was an uncontrollable reaction or movement of a muscle.

The Jem'Hadar are afflicted with muscle spasms when they suffer ketracel-white withdrawal. (DS9: "The Abandoned")

While in close proximity to a type-4 quantum singularity in 2371, a number of crewmembers of the USS Voyager reported to sickbay with muscle spasms. (VOY: "Parallax")

Later that year, Miles O'Brien suffered muscle spasms after radiation poisoning decreased his serum calcium levels. (DS9: "Visionary")