In naval tradition, a "keelhauling" was a means of punishment for sailors at sea. The action was performed by tying the offending sailor to a rope that looped beneath the ship's hull, which was then thrown overboard on one side of the ship, and dragged under the ship's keel to the other side, with the sailor attached.
In 2373, when debating accommodations for visiting Federation dignitaries to Deep Space 9, Worf argued the naval tradition of giving ship commanders equal quarters as admirals. Constable Odo replied that keelhauling, too, was a naval tradition, and that perhaps they should instead focus on accommodations. (DS9: "Rapture")