A grand jury was a type of jury. Grand juries existed on Earth as early 1953, when a newspaper headline read "Grand jury to indict top cops". (DS9: "Far Beyond the Stars")

Grand juries continued to exist after the founding of the United Federation of Planets. In 2373, Quark was set to testify to a Federation Grand Jury convened on Inferna Prime. (DS9: "The Ascent")