A geological survey, also known as a planetary mineral survey, mineral survey, planetary geological survey, geological analysis, or geology survey, was an scientific survey completed in order to determined the geological, geophysical and mineralogical composition of a planet or star system.
In 2151, Sub-Commander T'Pol performed a geological analysis of the planet later known as Archer IV and discovered that the rocks on the planet were composed of limestone and cormalite. (ENT: "Strange New World")
In 2268, the M-5 computer explained that it chose Ensign Carstairs as part of a landing party to Alpha Carinae II instead of the USS Enterprise's chief geologist Rawlins because Carstairs served on a merchant marine vessel and once visited Alpha Carinae II on a geology survey for a mining company. (TOS: "The Ultimate Computer")
In 2365, the USS Enterprise-D performed planetary geologic surveys in the Selcundi Drema sector. (TNG: "Pen Pals")
In 2372, a Vulcan geological survey team was mining for Bakrinium on a planet in the Gamma Quadrant when they discovered the "Shroud of the Sword", which was later given to Kor. With the help of Worf and Jadzia Dax, he then used it to find the legendary Sword of Kahless, stolen by the Hur'q centuries before. (DS9: "The Sword of Kahless")