An asteroid belt in the Alpha Omicron system
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The USS Enterprise-D in an asteroid field
The Delta Flyer in an asteroid field
The Shenandoah navigates an asteroid field in the Soukara system.
An asteroid belt or asteroid field is a collection of asteroids that usually orbit a star in a roughly toroidal shape. Asteroids in such belts range from grain-sized to many kilometers in diameter. Asteroid fields contain space debris and are usually the remains of a planet's destruction.
Classification
Around the late 23rd century, asteroid belts were quantified by their the Schiller Rating. In 2266, the Constitution-class USS Enterprise pursued an unregistered J class cargo vessel into an asteroid belt with a Schiller Rating of 3.5. (TOS: "Mudd's Women")
Asteroid belt locations and incidents
The Sol system contains an asteroid belt located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
Ty'Gokor was located in an asteroid field deep in the Klingon Empire. A tachyon detection grid monitored the region and helped protect it from direct assault. (DS9: "Apocalypse Rising")
During the Federation-Tzenkethi War, the USS Okinawa was attacked by three Tzenkethi raiders, which then fled into an asteroid belt. Captain Leyton took the Okinawa in after them, despite the protestations of Benjamin Sisko. (DS9: "Paradise Lost")
After Commander Chakotay completed flight training above North America in his first year at Starfleet Academy, he learned how to handle atmospheric storms on Venus for a couple of months. As part of his advanced pilot training, he also spent a semester navigating the objects in the Sol system's asteroid belt. (VOY: "Future's End, Part II")
In 2366, the USS Enterprise-D searched the remains of Orelious IX, which was nothing more than an asteroid field. Within the asteroid field, they discovered an intact 14th century Promellian battle cruiser but also found an ancient booby trap that almost destroyed them. (TNG: "Booby Trap")
In 2367, the Enterprise-D returned the space-dwelling lifeform known only as "Junior" to an asteroid field near the Alpha Omicron system. (TNG: "Galaxy's Child")
In 2370, the Enterprise-D entered the asteroid field in the Devolin system, under orders from Starfleet Command and Rear Admiral Erik Pressman, on a salvage mission to recover the remains of the USS Pegasus. (TNG: "The Pegasus"; ENT: "These Are the Voyages...")
Major Kira Nerys, Doctor Julian Bashir, and Keiko O'Brien took the USS Volga into an asteroid field in the Gamma Quadrant in late 2372. They were almost clear when an asteroid hit their Danube-class Runabout, which destroyed a fuel pod. Kira and Bashir recalled the incident several weeks later. (DS9: "Body Parts", "Apocalypse Rising")
In 2372, the USS Voyager surveyed an asteroid field in the Delta Quadrant and discovered a new type of dilithium that remained stable at high warp frequencies. (VOY: "Threshold")
The USS Defiant conducted maneuvers in an asteroid belt in the Kar-telos system in 2372. (DS9: "Bar Association")
In 2373, before General Martok's captaincy of the starship, the IKS Rotarran trapped a Cardassian vessel between itself and an asteroid field. Three Jem'Hadar warships came out of the asteroid field, forced the Rotarran to withdraw, and saved the Cardassians. (DS9: "Soldiers of the Empire")
In 2374, a Species 8472 bioship fled into an asteroid belt while being pursued by a Hirogen warship. The Alpha Hirogen believed the pilot of the bioship was not attempting to hide but was instead preparing for a final stand. (VOY: "Prey")
Also in 2374, the Runabout USS Shenandoah managed to avoid Dominion detection arrays while en route to Soukara by approaching the planet through an asteroid field. (DS9: "Change of Heart")
In 2375, the USS Voyager located what Lieutenant Tom Paris believed to be an asteroid cluster. Closer scrutiny revealed it was actually a Borg debris field. (VOY: "Infinite Regress")
In 2378 and before the USS Voyager's return to Earth, it dropped off Neelix in a resource-rich asteroid field. The field also contained an asteroid that was home to a distant Talaxian colony. Alien miners planned to harvest the ore of the Talaxians' asteroid, which would render it uninhabitable. By helping erect shield generators, Neelix prevented the bellicose miners from destroying the asteroid-colony and saved his fellow Talaxians. (VOY: "Homestead")