Archaeological medicine is a branch of archeology that focuses on uncovering the history and discoveries of ancient medicine.

Roger Korby specialized in the field of archaeological medicine, and was referred to by some as the Pasteur of the field. Among his achievements, including the excavation of Exo III, his translation of medical records from the Orion ruins helped revolutionize modern 23rd century immunization techniques. (TOS: "What Are Little Girls Made Of?")